Glossary
Results 31 to 40 of 69
G
- Gender ideology
The term “gender ideology” is often used by right-wing populist and anti-feminist movements to discredit advocacy for gender equality, gender mainstreaming or sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Its purpose is to devalue and delegitimise these demands as “ideology”. “Gender” is a concept to which they are collectively hostile. The term “gender ideology” emerged in the 1990s as a counter-response by Catholic groups to the inclusion of “gender” in international negotiations for the first time at the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna (1992), the International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo (1994) and the World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995).
- Gender roles and stereotypes
Gender roles encompass society’s general expectations relating to the behaviour of specific genders and are culturally mediated. For example, women are often considered to be kind and caring by nature, whereas men are assertive and decisive. Non-compliance with these expectations or demands can often lead to exclusion and discrimination, up to and including hate and death threats. As these tend to be clichéd notions of what it means to be male or female, the term “gender stereotypes” is used.
- Gender-transformative
The purpose of gender-transformative approaches is to bring about sustainable change in the gender inequalities that are the result of patriarchal power relations. To that end, gender norms and binarisms are critically analysed. The approaches aim to raise society’s awareness of the drivers of inequalities in order, on this basis, to transform harmful norms, practices and stereotypes.
- Global North / Global South
The terms “Global North” and “Global South” are not used in a geographical sense, but refer to a country’s privileged or disadvantaged political, economic and cultural status in the global context. For historical reasons, countries of the Global South occupy a socially, politically and economically disadvantaged position within the global system, whereas countries in the Global North are, accordingly, in a favourable position. The terminology also highlights inequality and resulting relationships of dependency. The terms are intended to replace the outdated concepts of “the Third World” and “developing countries”; however, the concepts of “Global North” and “Global South” have also attracted criticism as they are Eurocentric categories.
- GTA
Gender Transformative Approach
H
- HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- Human rights-based approach
A human rights-based approach in politics foregrounds the entitlements enshrined in international law which people can claim from the states in which they live. It promotes human rights principles such as participation, empowerment and non-discrimination. In the context of development cooperation, individuals and groups are assisted to claim their rights and live self-determined lives. Target groups are not aid or welfare recipients but rights-holders. The governments of their countries are duty-bearers. The promotion of human rights in all areas of cooperation is one of the most important preconditions for sustainable development and poverty reduction.
- Human Trafficking
The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons by using threat or use of force or different forms of coercion.
I
- ICT
Information and Communication Technologies
- IDPs
Internally Displaced People are persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee and who have not crossed an internationally recognized state border.